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Currency Options are used by companies as risk management tools. What are Options? Simply stated, it is a contract that gives the buyer the right but not the obligation to buy an underlying asset under specific conditions on payment of a premium.
The buyer may or may not exercise the right. However, if the buyer of an options contract exercises his/her right, the seller is obligated to perform.
In all foreign currency transactions, one currency is purchased and another is sold. Consequently, every currency option is both a call and a put option. A call conveys the right to buy the underlying currency at a specified price. A put gives the buyer the right to sell at a predetermined price.
Now, why options are important as a risk management and hedging tool? Lets make it clear with an example. Suppose a Japanese company has to make the payment for its imports of raw material in three months time in US Dollar.
The Japanese company can stay unhedged. It can purchase US Dollar at prevailing spot rate in three months time. On the other hand, it can hedge. Buy USD forwards or it can use an options strategy.
One of the strategies available to the Japanese company is to buy JPY put/USD call option. The effect of buying the JPY put option is to put a ceiling on the cost of imports in case JPY depreciates. The exporter limits the cost to a maximum while not limiting the minimum. Now lets discuss five exotic options that you can trade to make profits under different market conditions.
Digital options are simple, easy and inexpensive to trade. If you think, the EUR/USD rate is going to be above 1.0800 after 2 months but you are not sure about the timing of this move taking place within the next two months, buy a digital option. If after 2 months, the EUR/USD rate is indeed above 1.0800, you get your profit. If not, your digital option will expire. You with lose only a small premium that you had to pay while purchasing the digital option.
One Touch Options are perfect vehicles for those forex traders who believe that there will be a retracement. The price action of a given currency pair will test a support/resistance level with a false breakout. The one touch options will pay a profit if the market touches the predetermined barrier level. If not, you lose a small premium.
A No Touch Option is a way that you can use to profit from a trending market; it pays a profit if the market never touches the barrier level that you choose. All you need to do is to determine the desired payoff or profit that you want, the currency pair that you are interested to trade, the barrier price and the expiration date.
A Double No Touch Option is perfect for you if you have the track record of identifying and profiting from breakouts but always lose money in a ranging market. On the other hand, you can use a Double One Touch Option if you know how to pick the tops and bottoms in a ranging market but always lose in a breakout market.
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